| There are two
basic steps to caring for your dress: |
| 1. To understand
and minimize or eliminate those factors that can cause damage |
| 2. Follow basic
guidelines for handling, cleaning and storing your gown. |
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| There are a
variety of factors that contribute to the degradation of textiles.
These include poor environment, inappropriate storage, chemical pollution
and careless handling. Chemical pollution is the main cause of damage
and is the result of the migration of acids from surrounding materials
into the fabric of your gown. The following factors all contribute
to textile damage: |
- direct exposure to both
natural and artificial light can threaten the longevity of textiles.
Visible light causes fading and fibre damage. Ultraviolet is the
most damaging type of light and is capable of causing the greatest
amount of damage within the shortest period of time.
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- these
environmental factors are interrelated. Extremes and fluctuations
in temperatures and humidity (moisture levels) can cause permanent
damage. Textiles can become brittle when humidity levels are low
and, conversely, permanent staining can occur from mould growth
when humidity levels are very high. Expansion and contraction
of fibres due to extreme fluctuations in heat can discolour and
weaken textiles. Trapped moisture will encourage bacteria and
insects and cause permanent watermarking stains on fine silks.
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- a variety of pests can cause
structural damage and staining to stored textiles, including moths,
beetles, silverfish and mice.
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- storing your gown when
the usage stains such as perspiration, make-up, wine, perfume,
cigarette smoke and grass have not been removed allows those stains
to migrate through the material and create permanent marks.
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5. - long-term storage of heavy
gowns or fragile silks on hangers (even padded ones) is not recommended.
Stress weighting can cause misshapen seams and permanent creasing;
metal or wood hangers can increase acid pollution and oil and
grease from frequent handling can oxidize in time to cause brown
staining on the gown. Never hang your gown in a plastic slip-cover
or dry cleaning bag (see below).
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6.
- frequent handling with bare hands can transfer
grease, salts and dirt to the gown which can oxidize over time
to leave brown stains. Avoid pins and marking pens to label your
gown. Do not eat, drink or smoke in the vicinity of your dress.
Do not store with metal or plastic jewellery, buckles or belts
since these will also increase the risk of acid formation.
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7. - inappropriate storage of
your gown will contribute to degradation of the textile fibres
due to acid migration from the storage materials.
a. - the worst storage medium for
your gown is a plastic bag or cover. Storage boxes with plastic
viewing windows are also not recommended. The plastic chemicals
react with the fabric enhancing acid formation and causing excessive
yellowing and tarnishing of white gowns and fading of coloured
fabrics. Plastics also trap moisture (see above).
b. - commercial storage boxes are
not made of acid-free board. The acid can migrate and react with
the contents of the box within only a few months causing gradual
yellowing and deterioration.
c. - used to make
commercial packaging or decorative additions are also highly acidic
and can be very attractive to certain pests.
d. - often sold as Wedding Trouseaux,
the high acid and lignin content of the natural wood will cause
more rapid deterioration and discolouration of a dress stored
in this way.
e. - the dyes and colourings
contained within commercial tissue paper, printed fabrics or wrapping
papers are highly acidic and will turn contacted areas yellow.
Beware of storage boxes claiming to be acid free but decorated,
printed or covered in fibrous papers on the outside to make them
more attractive. The higher acid content of the decoration plus
the adhesive to hold it in place will in time migrate through
the box to your dress. Having an acid
free box covered in materials with a damaging acid content is
rather defeating the object! Never use perfumed and patterned
drawer liners to store precious textiles.
f.
- preserving your gown in a vacuum packed,
oxygen free container is not particularly ideal or recommended.
This method is usually a last-resort conservation method used
by museums or archivists to preserve fragile items. The packaging
may not always provide an acid-free environment, may trap moisture
and does not allow for access and inspection at regular intervals.
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| There is no such thing as 'permanent preservation'
as all things will eventually deteriorate due to the wearing effects
of time and the environment. Archival institutions and museums have
developed certain methods and archival materials for the long term
conservation of precious textiles. By adopting a realistic level of
care, correct handling and suitable archival storage for your wedding
gown you can achieve a good level of protection from many of the factors
that lead to degradation. |
1.
- treat the preservation of your gown as part
of the wedding planning process and not as an afterthought. Understand
the fabric and accessories that make-up your wedding gown and
find a good dry cleaner who specializes in cleaning gowns. Some
organized brides keep an emergency stain cleaner to hand during
the big day, otherwise arrange for someone reliable to take the
dress for cleaning as soon as possible.
|
2.
- aim to store your dress in an environment
that is as chemically (acid) neutral as possible:
|
a. - provides even
support which helps to minimize fibre damage. Avoid hanging your
wedding gown for too long on hangers or in plastic dry cleaning
covers. Transfer to a flat box / storage container as soon as
time allows.
b.
- invest in a sturdy archival quality storage
container that is specially made for textile preservation and
does not contain harmful acids or alkalis. The correct box will
protect against light and dust and reduce the risk of minor untoward
accidents! You are not looking for 'pretty' or 'designer' or 'matching'
but for specialised, practical storage that is designed for this
particular function.
c. -
don't store more than one item in a container (mixed materials
will have different acid content and migration may occur into
your dress). Store shoes, veils and purses separately. Smaller
archival storage boxes are available for these type of items.
d. - Ensure
the storage container is adequate for the size of wedding gown.
Too small and permanent creasing may occur, too big and your dress
will slide around too freely. Ideally the dress should be folded
as little as possible. Fold once at waist level (bodice onto skirt)
and again at thigh level if necessary. Layer the folds with unbuffered
acid-free tissue paper. Use only white tissue never blue, black
or commercially produced paper.
e. - wash
your hands before handling to avoid transfer of grease and salts.
Ideally use white lint free cotton gloves when folding and packing
your wedding gown (these can be washed and kept for this purpose).
Once packed away, try to avoid opening the box and handling again
unnecessarily. However, we would recommend checking the dress
each year. Carefully unpack and examine the gown for any signs
of staining or creasing. Repack again following the above guidelines
to prevent permanent folds and creases from developing. If your
archival box has been supplied with cotton covers wash these in
mild non-biological washing medium (no additives or enzymes) to
remove dust. Dry flat and iron carefully.
f. - plan
where you are going to store your dress so that it will not be
affected by radiators, underfloor heating systems, damp or pests.
Keep out of direct sunlight in a dark place but never in the attic,
loft or basement. Storing in a living part of the house such as
the bedroom will provide an environment with more stable temperatures
and moderate humidity levels.
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| Please do enjoy your gown and your wedding day but,
remember, by taking a little time and care beforehand you will be
also be able to heirloom your dress properly to treasure long into
the future. |
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| This guide to preserving and storing
your wedding dress was produced by Memory Boxes of Nottingham,
suppliers of archival pH neutral Wedding Dress Preservation Sets -
please see the
Wedding Directory for contact details. |
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